Understanding Scan Results

A bone density scan helps determine whether any actions are needed to protect your bone health by providing two key scores: the T-score and the Z-score. These scores assess your bone density and risk of fractures.

• T-score: This score compares your bone density to that of a healthy young adult of the same sex. A T-score of -1.0 or higher indicates normal bone density. Scores ranging from -1.0 to -2.4 are classified as osteopenia, meaning your bones are less dense than normal but not severely weakened. A T-score of -2.5 or lower indicates osteoporosis, a condition characterised by significantly reduced bone density and an increased risk of fractures.
• Z-score: The Z-score compares your bone density to the average bone density of people of your age. A Z-score below -2.0 suggests that factors other than ageing, such as medical conditions or medication use, may be contributing to bone loss, and you may need further investigation.

Fragility fractures can occur in individuals with T-scores in both the osteopenic and osteoporotic ranges. Your healthcare provider will consider your DXA scan results alongside other known risk factors to determine the most appropriate course of action for preventing future fractures. This may involve lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, or osteoporosis-specific treatments. Understanding these scores empowers you to take proactive steps in maintaining your bone health. For personalised advice, consult with your doctor and consider a follow-up scan if recommended.

The results of your bone density scan show if your bones have become weaker, increasing your fracture risk.